UNITED STATES COMMISSION OF FISH AND FISHERIES.

PART X.

REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER FOR 1882

A. INQUIRY INTO THE DECREASE OF FOOD-FISHES.
B. THE PROPAGATION OF FOOD-FISHES IN THE WATERS OF THE UNITED STATES.

With supplementary papers.

WASHINGTON.
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1884.

Cover

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CONTENTS AND LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

I. REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER.
Report Table of Contents

II APPENDIX TO REPORT OF COMMISSIONER.

APPENDIX A. GENERAL.

I. Tanner. REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE U. S. FISH COMMISSION, STEAMER FISH HAWK FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31,1882, AND ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE STEAMER ALBATROSS.
By Lieut. Z.L. Tanner, U.S.N., commanding. Three plates. Special index 3

II. Wood. REPORT OF THE OPERATIONS OF THE U.S.F.C. STEAMER LOOKOUT FROM MARCH 31,1881, TO NOVEMBER, 20, 1882. By Lieut W.M. WOOD, U.S.N 35

III. Eastmann. DESCRIPTION OF THE U.S. FISH COMMISSION CAR No. 2, DESIGNED FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF YOUNG FISH. By Frank S. Eastman. Six plates 39

IV. McDonald A NEW SYSTEM OF FISHWAY BUILDING. By Marshall McDonald. Seven plates. 43.

V. The United States exhibit at the Berlin International Fishery Exposition of 1880. From "Vossische Zeitung" 53

VI. Smiley. LIST OF 1817 OF THE PRINCIPAL LAKES OF THE UNITED STATES, WITH A DESIGNATION OF THEIR LOCATIONS. By Charles W. Smiley. Special index. 59

VII. Smiley. LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL RIVERS OF THE UNITED STATES WHICH EMPTY INTO THE ATLANTIC OCEAN, PACIFIC OCEAN, AND GULF OF MEXICO, WITH THEIR TRIBUTARIES. 116 pages. By Charles W. Smiley. Special index in Appendix F 91

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APPENDIX B. THE FISHERIES.

VIII. Sanford. NOTES UPON THE HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN WHALE FISHERY. By F.C. Sanford 205

IX. Southwell. THE BOTTLE-NOSE WHALE FISHERY IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN. By Thomas Southwell, F.Z.S 221

X. EXTRACTS FROM THE FIRST ANNUAL REPORT OF THE FISHERY BOARD OF SCOTLAND FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31,1882 220

XI. Collins. HISTORY OF THE TILE-FISH. By Capt. J. W. Collins. Two plates. Special index 237

XII. Storer. MEMORANDA OF METHODS EMPLOYED BY FISHERMEN FOR "BARKING" AND IN OTHER WAYS PRESERVING NETS AND SAILS. By F. H. Storer 295

APPENDIX C. NATURAL HISTORY AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH.

XIII Collins. NOTES ON THE HABITS AND METHODS OF CAPTURE OF VARIOUS SPECIES OF SEA BIRDS THAT OCCUR ON THE FISHING BANKS OFF THE EASTERN COAST OF NORTH AMERICA, AND WHICH ARE USED As BAIT FOR CATCHING CODFISH BY NEW ENGLAND FISHERMEN. By J. W. Collins. One plate. Special index 311

XIV. Bean. LIST OF THE FISHES COLLECTED BY THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION AT WOODS HOLL, MASS., DURING THE SUMMER OF 1881. By Tarleton H. Bean 339

XV. Smith. REPORT ON THE DECAPOD CRUSTACEA OF THE ALBATROSS DREDGING OFF THE EAST COAST OF THE UNITED STATES IN 1883. By Sidney Smith. Ten plates. Special index 345

XVI. Hensen. ON THE OCCURRENCE AND QUANTITY OF THE EGGS OF SOME OF THE FISH OF THE BALTIC, ESPECIALLY THOSE OF THE PLAICE (PLATESSA PLATESSA), THE FLOUNDER (PLATESSA VULGARIS), AND THE COD (GADUS MORRHUA). By V. Hensen. One figure. Special index. 427

XVII. Ryder. A CONTRIBUTION TO THE EMBRYOGRAPHY OF OSSEOUS FISHES, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COD (GADUS MORRHUA). By John A. Ryder. 12 plates and one figure. *** Special index 455

XVIII. Ryder ON THE PRESERVATION OF EMBRYONIC MATERIALS AND SMALL ORGANISMS, TOGETHER WITH HINTS UPON EMBEDDING AND MOUNTING SECTIONS SERIALLY. By John A. Ryder 607

XIX. Blake. A REPORT TO THE UNITED STATES CENTENNIAL COMMMISSION UPON THE PRINCIPAL AQUARIUMS ABROAD IN 1873. By William P. Blake. Two figures 631

XX. Verrill. NOTICE OF THE REMARKABLE MARINE FAUNA OCCUPYING THE OUTER BANKS OFF THE SOUTHERN COAST OF NEW ENGLAND. AND OF SOME ADDITIONS TO THE FAUNA OF VINEYARD SOUND. By A. R. Verrill.
Special index 641

APPENDIX D. THE OYSTER.

XXI Bouchon-Brandely. REPORT TO THE MINISTER OF THE MARINE RELATIVE TO OYSTER CULTURE UPON THE SHORES OF THE BRITISH CHANNEL AND THE OCEAN. By G. Bouchon-Brandely, Secretary of the College of France. Special index 673

XXII. BROCCHI. REPORT ON THE CONDITION OF OYSTER-CULTURE IN FRANCE IN 1881. By Dr. P. Bronchi 725

XIII. Winslow. REPORT OF EXPERIMENTS IN THE ARTIFICIAL PROPAGATION OF OYSTERS CONDUCTED AT BEAUFORT N.C. AND FAIR HAVEN CONN., IN 1882. By Lieut. Francis Winslow, U.S.N. One plate 741

XXIV. Ryder. AN ACCOUNT OF EXPERIMENTS IN OYSTER-CULTURE AND OBSERVATIONS RELATING THERETO. (Second series.) By John A. Ryder 763

XXV. Ryder. THE METAMORPHOSIS AND POST-LARVAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE OYSTER. By John A. Ryder. Three figures 779

XXVI. Puysegur. ON THE CAUSE OF THE GREENING OF OYSTERS. By M. Puysegur. With a supplementary note on the coloration of the blood corpuscles of the oyster. By John A. Ryder. One figure 798

APPENDIX E. PROPAGATION OF FOOD-FISHES.

XXVII. Mather. ACCOUNT OF EGGS REPACKED AND SHIPPED TO FOREIGN COUNTRIES, UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION DURING THE WINTER OF I882-83. By Fred. Mather 809

XXVIII. Clark. REPORT OF THE OPERATIONS AT THE NORTHVILLE AND ALPENA (MICH.) STATIONS FOR THE SEASON OF 1882-'83. By Frank N. Clark. Special Index 813

XXIX. Stone. REPORT OF OPERATIONS AT THE SALMON-BREEDING STATION OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION ON THE MCCLOUD RIVER, CAL., DURING THE SEASON OF 1882. By Livingston Stone 839

XXX. Stone. REPORT OF OPERATIONS AT THE TROUT-BREEDING STATION OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION ON THE MCCLOUD RIVER, CAL., DURING THE YEAR 1882. By Livingston Stone 851

XXXI. Atkins. REPORT ON THE PROPAGATION OF PENOBSCOT SALMON IN 1882-83. By Charles G. Atkins 857

XXXII. Atkins. REPORT ON THE PROPAGATION OF SCHOODIC SALMON IN 1882 - '83. By Charles G. Atkins 863

XXXIII. Mather. REPORT UPON THE HATCHING AND DISTRIBUTION OF PENOBSCOT AND LANDLOCKED 0R SCHOODIC SALMON In THE SPRING OF 1862. By Fred. Mather 873

XXXIV. McDonald. REPORT OF OPERATIONS AT CENTRAL STATION, UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION, DURING THE YEAR 1882 By Marshall McDonald. Five plates 879

XXXV. Wood. REPORT OF OPERATIONS AT THE NAVY YARD SHAD-HATCHING STATION IN WASHINGTON, D. C., DURING THE SEASON OF 1882. By Lieut. W.M. Wood, U.S.N. One plate. 891

XXXVI. McDonald. REPORT ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF SHAD THROUGH CENTRAL STATION BY THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION IN 1882. By Marshall McDonald. One figure 899

XXXVII Smiley. STATISTICS OF THE SHAD-HATCHING OPERATIONS CONDUCTED BY THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION IN 1882. By Charles W. Smiley 903

XXXVIII. McDonald. REPORT OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF CARP DURING THE SEASON OF 1882 By Marshall McDonald 915

XXXIX. Smiley. REPORT OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF CARP TO JULY 1, 1881, FROM YOUNG REARED IN 1879 AND 1880. By Charles W. Smiley 943

XL. Nickles. THE ARTIFICIAL FEEDING OF CARP. By Carl Nickles 1009

APPENDIX F. MISCELLANEOUS.

XLI. Collins. REPORT OF A TRIP OF EXPLORATION IN THE CHESAPEAKE BAY MADE IN THE SPRING OF 1882 BY THE STEAMER FISH HAWK, LIEUT. Z. L. TANNER COMMANDING. BY J. W. Collins 1035

XLII. Bean. LIST OF THE FISHES DISTRIBUTED BY THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION By Tarleton H. Bean, M. D 1039

XLIII. Verrill. PHYSICAL CHARACTER OF THE PORTION OF THE CONTINENTAL BORDER BENEATH THE GULF STREAM EXPLORED BY THE FISH HAWK, 1880 to 1882. By A.E. Verrill Five plates 1045

XLIV. Smiley. ALPHABETICAL INDEX TO THE PRINCIPAL RIVERS OF THE UNITED STATES By Charles. W. Smiley 1059

GENERAL INDEX 1087

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